CBPM 2025 · Vol. 2025, Issue 1

A Systematic Literature Review on Emergency Response Systems and their Impact on Infrastructure Resilience

Abudu Haruna Domanamwin, Modupe Cecilia Mewomo, Adjei Kofi Owusu and Francis Kwesi Bondinuba

Keywords: Emergency, Emergency response, Impact, Infrastructure resilience, Natural hazard.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess existing literature on the impact of emergency response systems on infrastructure resilience, identifying optimal methodologies and highlighting obstacles in emergency response that affect stability during emergencies. Thus, the research design was based on a systematic review of 30 peer-reviewed English-language articles published between 2015 and January 2025 to analyze global trends and expert opinions on emergency response infrastructure, identifying best practices and knowledge gaps. Articles addressing emergency response systems and impact issues were given extra consideration. The study's research limitations include bias toward developed countries and potential outdatedness due to rapid advancements in emergency response technologies. Key findings are based on examinations of existing scientific knowledge regarding the state of emergency response on infrastructure and its economic and socio-political impacts. The identified key infrastructure includes early warning, situational awareness, technology and infrastructure, response efficiency, resources and capabilities, strategic framework, community engagement, preparedness and knowledge, and institutional communication. The impacts include global economic consequences, human and property loss, infrastructure deficiencies, and displacement issues. The socio-political impact includes demographic and urban challenges, infrastructure gaps, vulnerability, and economic stability. The review emphasizes the importance of decision-makers prioritizing emergency preparedness and uniform agency procedures. It highlights the need for coordinated response plans, community involvement, and strengthening infrastructure against future crises, which are considered key practical implications .